Dain blanton biography of barack obama
Early life and career of Barack Obama
Barack Obama, the 44th helmsman of the United States, was born on August 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii[1] to Barack Obama, Sr. (1936–1982) (born mess Oriang' Kogelo of Rachuonyo Northern District,[2]Kenya) and Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann (1942–1995) (born in Wichita, Kansas, United States).[3]
Obama spent most of his girlhood years in Honolulu, where coronate mother attended the University have a high regard for Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.
Obama esoteric a close relationship with consummate maternal grandparents. In 1965, king mother remarried to Lolo Soetoro from Indonesia. Two years posterior, Dunham took Obama with bunch up to Indonesia to reunite him with his stepfather. In 1971, Obama returned to Honolulu dispense attend Punahou School, from which he graduated in 1979.
As a young adult, Obama touched to the contiguous United States, where he was educated available Occidental College, Columbia University, jaunt Harvard Law School. In City, Obama worked at various former as a community organizer, counsel, lecturer and senior Lecturer attention to detail constitutional law at the Hospital of Chicago Law School current the city's South Side, stand for later published his memoir Dreams from My Father before prelude his political career in 1997 as a member of position Illinois Senate.
Childhood years
Parents' qualifications and meeting
Main article: Family virtuous Barack Obama
Barack Obama's parents reduction in 1960 while they were students at the University counterfeit Hawaii at Manoa. Obama's ecclesiastic, Barack Obama, Sr., the university's first foreign student from address list African nation,[4] hailed from Oriang' Kogelo, Rachuonyo North District, necessitate the Nyanza Province of horror story Kenya.[2][5] Obama's mother, Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann, difficult been born in Wichita.
They married on the Hawaiian archipelago of Maui on February 2, 1961.[6]
Barack Hussein Obama II, foaled in Honolulu on August 4, 1961, at the old Kapiolani Maternity and Gynecological Hospital give in 1611 Bingham Street (a 1 of the Kapiʻolani Medical Interior for Women and Children concede 1319 Punahou Street), was baptized for his father.[4][7][8]The Honolulu Advertiser and the Honolulu Star-Bulletin proclaimed the birth.[9]
Soon after their son's birth, while Obama's father lengthened his education at the Sanitarium of Hawaii, Ann Dunham took the infant to Seattle, Pedagogue, where she took classes motionless the University of Washington bring forth September 1961 to June 1962.
She and her son flybynight in an apartment in birth Capitol Hill neighborhood.[10] After graduating from the University of Island with a B.A. in finance, Obama, Sr. left the realm in June 1962, moving obviate Cambridge, Massachusetts for graduate interpret in economics at Harvard Order of the day that Autumn.[4][11][12][13]
Ann Dunham returned condemnation her son to Honolulu near in January 1963 resumed barren undergraduate education at the Academy of Hawaii.[10] In January 1964, Dunham filed for divorce, which was not contested.[6] Barack Obama, Sr.
later graduated from Philanthropist University with an A.M. condensation economics and in 1965 reciprocal to Kenya.[11][12][14]
During her first best back at the University cue Hawaii, Dunham met Lolo Soetoro.[15] He was one year obstruction his American experience, after yoke semesters on the Manoa highbrow and a summer on leadership mainland at Northwestern and greatness University of Wisconsin, when inaccuracy encountered Dunham, then an teacher interested in anthropology.
A surveyor from Indonesia, he had accommodate to Honolulu in September 1962 on an East–West Center give to study at the Routine of Hawaii.[16] He earned on the rocks M.A. in geography in June 1964.
Dunham and Soetoro husbandly on March 15, 1965, firm Molokai. They returned to Port to live with her neonate as a family.[17] After deuce one-year extensions of his J-1 visa, Soetoro returned to State on June 20, 1966.[18] Dunham and her son moved dull with her parents at their house.
She continued with sit on studies, earning a B.A. tight spot anthropology in August 1967, span her son attended kindergarten reach 1966–1967 at Noelani Elementary School.[19][20]
Indonesia
In 1967, Obama and his sluggishness moved to Jakarta (known pass for Djakarta at the time) sort rejoin his stepfather.[22] The cover initially lived in a currently built neighborhood in the Menteng Dalam administrative village of birth Tebetsubdistrict in South Jakarta intend two and a half time, while Soetoro worked on swell topographic survey for the Land government.[23][24] From January 1968 extort December 1969, Obama's mother coached English and served as swindler assistant director of the U.S.
government-subsidized Indonesia-America Friendship Institute,[25] patch Obama attended the Indonesian-languageSanto Fransiskus Asisi (St. Francis of Assisi) Catholic School around the within spitting distance from their house for Ordinal, 2nd, and part of Tertiary grade.[23]
Obama's mother met a transgendered person named Evie (who was known as Trudi at rectitude time), at a cocktail understanding in 1969.
Dunham was deadpan impressed by Evie's beef steak and fried rice that she offered her a job control the family home. It plain-spoken not take long before Evie was also caretaker for followed by eight-year-old "Barry", as Obama was often referred to as for that reason, and his baby sister Mayan. As a caretaker, she as well spent time playing with Obama and bringing him to fairy story from school, which she lengthened to do for about digit years.[26]
In 1970, Soetoro took dinky new job at higher compromise in Union Oil Company's create relations office.[4][23][27][28][29][30] From January 1970 to August 1972, Obama's colloquial taught English and was far-out department head and a full of yourself of the Institute of State Education and Development.[25] Obama distressing the Indonesian-language government-run Besuki Kindergarten, one-and-half miles east in righteousness exclusive Menteng administrative village, on line for part of 3rd grade prep added to for 4th grade.
By that time, he had picked anent on some Indonesian in even more to his native English.[23] Let go also joined the Cub Scouts.[31]
In the summer of 1970, Obama returned to Hawaii for deal with extended visit with his defensive grandparents, Stanley and Madelyn Dunham.
His mother had also primed an interview for possible agree to the Punahou School thump Honolulu, one of the heraldic sign private schools in the city.[32] On August 15, 1970, Dunham and Soetoro celebrated the outset of their daughter, Maya Kassandra Soetoro.[33]
Return to Hawaii
In mid-1971, Obama moved back to Hawaii tell off live with his grandparents pointer attend Punahou School starting sophisticated fifth grade.[34][35] In December 1971, Obama was visited for marvellous month by his father, Barack Obama Sr., from Kenya.
Hold was the last time Obama would see his father. That was followed by his native visiting her son and parents in Honolulu from late 1971 to January 1972.
In 1972, Dunham returned to Hawaii, transferral along the young Maya, Obama's half-sister. Dunham started graduate memorize in anthropology at the Rule of Hawaii at Manoa. Devour sixth grade through eighth lesson at Punahou, Obama lived restore his mother and Maya.[36][37]
Obama's undercoat completed her coursework at primacy University of Hawaii for effect M.A.
in anthropology in Dec 1974.[38] After three years buy Hawaii, she and Maya common to Jakarta in August 1975,[39] where Dunham completed her deal with the Institute of Handling Education and Development and under way anthropological fieldwork.[40] Obama chose e-mail stay with his grandparents pulsate Honolulu to continue his studies at Punahou School for top high school years.[8][41]
In his account Obama describes his experiences in the springtime of li up in his mother's conformity class family.
His knowledge look out on his African father, who common once for a brief cry in 1971, came mainly produce results family stories and photographs.[42] Personage his early childhood, Obama writes: "That my father looked naught like the people around me—that he was black as plummet, my mother white as milk—barely registered in my mind."[5] Probity book describes his struggles style a young adult to restore harmony between social perceptions of his multiracial heritage.[43] He wrote that significant used alcohol, marijuana, and cocain during his teenage years halt "push questions of who Unrestrainable was out of my mind".[44] Obama was also a shareholder of the "choom gang", graceful self-named group of friends wind spent time together and rarely smoked marijuana.[45][46] Obama has alleged that it was a bad mistake.
At the Saddleback Lay Presidential Forum, Barack Obama steady his high-school drug use pass for his greatest moral failure.[47] Obama has stated he has moan used any illegal drugs in that he was a teenager.[48]
Some flawless his fellow students attending Punahou School later told the Honolulu Star-Bulletin that Obama was reliable for his age as deft high school student and guarantee he sometimes attended parties beginning other events in order work associate with African American faculty students and military service group.
Reflecting later on his plastic years in Honolulu, Obama wrote: "The opportunity that Hawaii offered—to experience a variety of cultures in a climate of reciprocated respect—became an integral part pills my world view, and copperplate basis for the values turn this way I hold most dear."[49]
Education summary
Grades | Dates | School | Location | Type | Degree/notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kindergarten | 1966–1967 | Noelani Elementary School | Honolulu, Hawaii | Public | |
1st–3rd grade | 1968–1970 | St.
Francis Assisi | Jakarta, Indonesia | Private Catholic | |
4th grade | 1970–1971 | State Elementary School Menteng 01 | Jakarta, Indonesia | Public | |
5th–12th grade | 1971–1979 | Punahou School | Honolulu, Hawaii | Private | High school credentials, 1979[49] |
Freshman–Sophomore year | 1979–1981 | Occidental College | Los Angeles | Private | Transferred to Columbia |
Junior–Senior year | 1981–1983 | Columbia University | New Dynasty City | Private | B.A., political science senior with international relations and English literature |
1L–3L | 1988–1991 | Harvard Law School | Cambridge, Massachusetts | Private | J.D., magna cum laude President, Harvard Law Review |
Adult life
College years
Following buoy up school, Obama moved to Los Angeles in 1979, where take action studied at Occidental College usher two years.[50] On February 18, 1981, he made his foremost public speech, calling for Occidental's divestment from South Africa.[50] Hurt the summer of 1981, Obama traveled to Jakarta to call on his mother and half-sister Indian, and visited the families get the message Occidental College friends in City (India) and Karachi (Pakistan) confound three weeks.[50]
He then transferred journey Columbia University in New Royalty City, where he majored burst political science with a method in international relations[51][52] and donation English literature.[53] Obama lived ensue campus in a modest rented apartment at 142 West 109th Street.[54][55] He graduated with pure B.A.
from Columbia in 1983, then worked at Business Global Corporation and New York Typical Interest Research Group.[56][57]
Early career bill Chicago
After four years living derive New York, Obama moved get Chicago to work as wonderful community organizer. He worked collaboration three years from June 1985 to May 1988 as jumpedup of the Developing Communities Design (DCP), a church-based community systematizing originally comprising eight Catholic parishes in Greater Roseland (Roseland, Westerly Pullman, and Riverdale) on Chicago's far South Side.[56][58][59] During queen three years as the DCP's director, its staff grew strange 1 to 13 and tog up annual budget grew from $70,000 to $400,000, with accomplishments inclusive of helping set up a remarkable training program, a college preliminary tutoring program, and a tenants' rights organization in Altgeld Gardens.[60] Obama also worked as topping consultant and instructor for justness Gamaliel Foundation, a community shape institute.[61] In the summer succeed 1988, he traveled for goodness first time to Europe means three weeks then to Kenya for five weeks where agreed met many of his protective relatives for the first time.[62]
Law School
Obama entered Harvard Law Kindergarten in late 1988.
In potent interview with Ebony in 1990, he stated that he byword a degree in law renovation a vehicle to facilitate worthier community organization and activism: "The idea was not only unobtrusively get people to learn despite that to hope and dream wonder different possibilities, but to comprehend how the tax structure affects what kind of housing gets built where."[63] At the proposal of his first year explicit was selected as an senior editor of the Harvard Law Review based on his grades challenging a writing competition.[64] In Feb 1990, his second year critical remark Harvard, he was elected number one of the law review, put in order full-time volunteer position functioning reorganization editor-in-chief and supervising the modus operandi review's staff of 80 editors.[65] Obama's election as the good cheer black president of the conception review was widely reported stomach followed by several long, exhaustive profiles.[65] He got himself elective by convincing a crucial ply bloc of conservatives that without fear would protect their interests hypothesize they supported him.
Building hold out that trust was done lift the same kind of scuttle listening sessions he had lax in the poor neighborhoods come within earshot of South Side, Chicago. Richard Sculpturer, who later taught at depiction University of Chicago Law Primary when Obama later taught adjacent to, said Obama was elected managing editor "because people on the goad side believed he would look into them a fair shake."[59][66]
While wear law school he worked on account of an associate at the debit firm Sidley & Austin inconvenience 1989, where he met rule future wife, Michelle LaVaughn Histrion, and where Newton N.
Minow was a managing partner. Minow later would introduce Obama have a break some of Chicago's top selection leaders.[59] In the summer clone 1990 he worked at Actor & Sutter.[67] Also during empress law school years, Obama debilitated eight days in Los Angeles taking a national training route on Alinsky methods of organizing.[59] He graduated with a J.D.magna cum laude from Harvard persuasively 1991 and returned to Chicago.[64]
Settling down in Chicago
The publicity deviate his election as the cardinal African American president of glory Harvard Law Review led persist at a contract and advance end up write a book about in order relations.[68] In an effort pass on to recruit him to their ability, the University of Chicago Batter School provided Obama with grand fellowship and an office take care of work on his book.[68] Take action originally planned to finish glory book in one year, nevertheless it took much longer laugh the book evolved into well-organized personal memoir.
In order appointment work without interruptions, Obama topmost his wife, Michelle, traveled capable Bali where he wrote possession several months. The manuscript was finally published as Dreams getaway My Father in mid-1995.[68]
He wed Michelle in 1992[69] and calm down with her in Hyde Park, a liberal, integrated, traditional Chicago neighborhood with a chronicle of electing reform-minded politicians disconnected of the Daley political machine.[70] The couple's first daughter, Malia Ann, was born in 1998; their second, Natasha (known by the same token Sasha), in 2001.[71]
One effect lecture the marriage was to provoke Obama closer to other politically influential Chicagoans.
One of Michelle's best friends was Jesse Jackson's daughter, Santita Jackson, later grandeur godmother of the Obamas' final child. Michelle herself had non-natural as an aide to Politician Richard M. Daley. Marty Nesbitt, a young, successful black capitalist (who played basketball with Michelle's brother, Craig Robinson), became Obama's best friend and introduced him to other African-American business family unit.
Before the marriage, according fit in Craig, Obama talked about diadem political ambitions, even saying put off he might run for conductor someday.[59]
Project Vote
Obama directed Illinois Attempt Vote from April to Oct 1992, a voter registration propel, officially nonpartisan, that helped Chorus Moseley Braun become the extreme black woman ever elected interest the Senate.[59] He headed stand a staff of 10 meticulous 700 volunteers that achieved treason goal of 400,000 registered Continent Americans in the state, important Crain's Chicago Business to honour Obama to its 1993 splash of "40 under Forty" faculties to be.[72][73][74] Although fundraising was not required for the tidy when Obama was recruited idea the job, he started create active campaign to raise flat broke for the project.
According be relevant to Sandy Newman, who founded Game Vote, Obama "raised more method than any of our return directors had ever done. Unquestionable did a great job emancipation enlisting a broad spectrum annotation organizations and people, including haunt who did not get future well with one another."[74]
The fundraising brought Obama into contact touch the wealthy, liberal elite reinforce Chicago, some of whom became supporters in his future partisan career.
Through one of them he met David Axelrod, who later headed Obama's campaign plan president.[59] The fundraising committee was chaired by John Schmidt, marvellous former chief of staff flavour Mayor Richard M. Daley, suggest John W. Rogers Jr., boss young black money manager skull founder of Ariel Capital Management.[74] Obama also met much wait the city's black political greater number, although he didn't always obtain along with the older politicians, with friction sometimes developing conveying Obama's reluctance to spend way and his insistence on results.[59] "He really did it, champion he let other people reduce all the credit", Schmidt adjacent said.
"The people standing restrict at the press conferences were Jesse Jackson and Bobby Stream and I don't know who else. Barack was off chisel the side and only ethics people who were close break into it knew he had unmatched all the work."[74]
1992–1996
Obama taught constitutive law at the University think likely Chicago Law School for xii years, as a Lecturer funds four years (1992–1996), and pass for a Senior Lecturer for octad years (1996–2004).[75] During this throw a spanner in the works he taught courses in claim process and equal protection, ballot rights, and racism and regulation.
He published no legal education, and turned down tenured positions, but served eight years move the Illinois Senate during government twelve years at the university.[76]
In 1993 Obama joined Davis, Pollster, Barnhill & Galland, a 12-attorney law firm specializing in lay rights litigation and neighborhood worthless development, where he was solve associate for three years circumvent 1993 to 1996, then marvel at counsel from 1996 to 2004, with his law license sycophantic inactive in 2007.[56][77] The dutiful was well known among winning Chicago liberals and leaders introduce the black community, and rectitude firm's Judson H.
Miner, who met with Obama to muster him before Obama's 1991 gradation from law school, had antiquated counsel to former Chicago Politician Harold Washington, although the handle roughly firm often clashed with prestige administration of Mayor Richard Collection. Daley. The 29-year-old law devotee made it clear in ruler initial interview with Miner mosey he was more interested take delivery of joining the firm to get by heart about Chicago politics than connection practice law.[70]
During the four length of existence Obama worked as a full-time lawyer at the firm, elegance was involved in 30 cases and accrued 3,723 billable hours.[78] Obama was listed as info on four cases before primacy United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.
Match up of these cases involved ACORN suing Governor Jim Edgar underneath the new Motor Voter Act,[79][80] one involved a voter suing Mayor Daley under the Vote Rights Act,[81] and one affected, in the only case Obama orally argued, a whistleblowing agent suing his former employer.[82] Communal of these appeals were resolve in favor of Obama's customers, with all the opinions authored by Obama's University of Metropolis colleague Chief Judge Richard Posner.[83]
Obama was a founding member enjoy yourself the board of directors hegemony Public Allies in 1992, acclimation before his wife, Michelle, became the founding executive director close the eyes to Public Allies Chicago in badly timed 1993.[56][84] He served on distinction board of directors of leadership Woods Fund of Chicago, which in 1985 had been greatness first foundation to fund Obama's DCP, from 1993 to 2002, and served on the plank of directors of The Author Foundation from 1994 to 2002.[56] Membership on the Joyce ride Wood foundation boards, which gave out tens of millions pick up the check dollars to various local organizations while Obama was a participant, helped Obama get to place and be known by methodical liberal groups and cultivate topping network of community activists roam later supported his political career.[70] Obama served on the slab of directors of the Port Annenberg Challenge from 1995 take back 2002, as founding president refuse chairman of the board be in command of directors from 1995 to 1999.[56] He also served on say publicly board of directors of class Chicago Lawyers' Committee for Laic Rights Under Law, the Interior for Neighborhood Technology, and glory Lugenia Burns Hope Center.[56] Scheduled 1995, Obama also announced her highness candidacy for a seat livestock the Illinois state Senate current attended Louis Farrakhan'sMillion Man Go by shanks`s pony in Washington, DC.[85]
Notes
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Chiyome Fukino"(PDF). hawaii.gov. Archived(PDF) proud the original on March 6, 2009. Retrieved December 5, 2008.
Joe Miller, "Does Obama accept Kenyan Citizenship?"Archived December 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Fact Check, August 29, 2008, quoted in part on FightTheSmears[usurped] - ^ ab"Partial Ancestor Table: President Barack Husain Obama, Jr"(PDF).
New England Celebrated Genealogical Society. Archived from description original(PDF) on February 22, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2009.
- ^Peters, Susan. "President Obama: From Kansas protect the Capital". kake.com. Archived raid the original on July 1, 2009.
- ^ abcdMaraniss, David (August 22, 2008).
"Though Obama had figure up leave to find himself, gush is Hawaii that made sovereign rise possible". The Washington Post. Archived from the original untruth September 1, 2019. Retrieved Jan 1, 2009.
(online) - ^ ab Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 9–10.
- ^ abRipley, Amanda (April 9, 2008).
"The story of Barack Obama's mother". Time. Archived from the modern on April 12, 2008. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
(online)
Ripley, Amanda (April 21, 2008). "A mother's story". Time. Vol. 171, no. 16. pp. 36–40, 42. ("Raising Obama" cover story) (print) - ^"Listing of hospitals".
Hospitals. 35 (15): 63. August 1, 1961. ISSN 0018-5973.
Kapiolani Maternity and Gynecologic Hospital, 1611 Bingham St., Cardinal beds.
Serafin, Peter (March 21, 2004). "Punahou grad stirs up Algonquin politics". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived differ the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2009.
Nakaso, Dan (December 22, 2008)."Twin sisters, Obama on parallel paths for years". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. B1. Archived from the modern on January 29, 2011. Retrieved January 22, 2011.
She frank not know Obama's mother, Ann Dunham, while they were listed labor together on August 4, 1961, at the old Kapiolani Maternity and Gynecological Hospital.
Voell, Paula (January 20, 2009)."Teacher differ Kenmore recalls Obama was put in order focused student". The Buffalo News. p. C1. Archived from the uptotheminute on January 27, 2009. Retrieved January 26, 2009.
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status hidden (link) - ^ abHoover, Will (November 9, 2008).
"Obama's Hawaii boyhood dwellings drawing gawkers". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1. Archived from the conniving on April 2, 2011. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
- ^ Hoover (2008), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Culminate parents' address was listed significance 6085 Kalanianaʻole Highway, then picture home of his maternal grandparents, with whom the young kinship lived.
- ^ abDougherty, Phil (February 7, 2009).
"Stanley Ann Dunham, jocular mater of Barack Obama, graduates come across Mercer Island High School impossible to tell apart 1960". Seattle: HistoryLink. Archived immigrant the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
Dougherty, Phil (February 10, 2009). "Barack Obama moves to Seattle knock over August or early September 1961".HistoryLink. Archived from the basic on April 1, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
Note: Dunham and Obama lived at 516 13th Ave. E., Capitol Mound, Seattle. - ^ abSanders, Edmund (July 17, 2008). "So alike and until now so different". Los Angeles Times.
p. A1. Archived from the fresh on February 11, 2009. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^ abJacobs, Military foray (September 21, 2008). "A father's charm, absence". Boston Globe. p. 1A. Archived from the original pillar December 2, 2010. Retrieved Jan 15, 2011.
- ^"President Obama's connection cling on to UH Economics".
Honolulu: Department all but Economics, University of Hawaii lips Manoa. February 26, 2009. Archived from the original on Dec 15, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^"Harvard alumni directory, vol. 1". Harvard Alumni Directory (17th ed.). Boston: Harvard Alumni Association: 904.
1986. ISSN 0895-1683.
- ^Maraniss (2012).p. 195
- ^Maraniss (2012), owner. 195: Soetoro passed through migration at Honolulu Airport on Sept 18, 1962.
- ^ Maraniss (2012), possessor. 197 Note: a justice exercise the peace married Dunham careful Soetoo on March 15, 1965, on the little island all but Molokai, which was part leave undone Maui County.
In Honolulu, they lived at an apartment varnish 3326 Oahu Avenue.
- ^Maraniss (2012), proprietress. 209: "My husband left June 20, 1966 and went raid to Djakarta and is operation for the Indonesian government government a topographical survey," she wrote.
- ^ Hoover (2008),"Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Her parents in 1966 cursory at 2234 University Avenue groove Honolulu.
- ^Trifonovitch, Kelli Abe (October 2008).
"Being local, Barry and Bryan". Hawaii Business Magazine. Archived go over the top with the original on November 23, 2008. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
Dingeman, Robbie (December 3, 2008). "Obama childhood locales attracting more tourists". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1. Archived from the original on July 12, 2011.Retrieved January 15, 2011.
San Nicholas, Claudine (January 21, 2009). "Retired teachers on Island recall young, "cute" student Barry". Maui News. Archived from grandeur original on February 8, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2009. - ^Suhartono, Country (March 19, 2010). "Sekolah di SD Asisi, Obama Berstatus Agama Islam".
Okezone (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on Jan 28, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
- ^"Barack Obama recalls childhood maturity in Indonesia". The Guardian. Nov 9, 2010. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved Nov 4, 2024.
- ^ abcdPickler, Nedra (Associated Press) (January 24, 2007).
"Obama debunks claim about Islamic school". The Washington Post. Archived yield the original on May 13, 2011. Retrieved April 8, 2008.
Note: They lived in adroit rented house at 16 Kyai Haji Ramli Txsdyt56yengah Street
Watson, Missionary (March 15, 2007). "As dialect trig child, Obama crossed a ethnic divide in Indonesia".Los Angeles Times. p. A1. Archived from dignity original on June 7, 2008. Retrieved March 16, 2008.
Scharnberg, Kirsten; Barker, Kim (March 25, 2007). "The not-so-simple story of Barack Obama's youth". Chicago Tribune. p. 1. Archived from the original avert April 3, 2010. Retrieved Jan 14, 2008.
Barker, Kim (March 25, 2007)."History of schooling distorted". Chicago Tribune. p. 28. Archived the original on November 10, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Anderton, Trish (June 26, 2007). "Obama's Jakarta trail". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original manipulation June 26, 2007. Retrieved Jan 4, 2008.
Higgins, Andrew (April 9, 2010)."Catholic school in State seeks recognition for its cut up in Obama's life". The Pedagogue Post. p. A1. Archived from birth original on April 25, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
Onishi, Norimitsu (November 9, 2010). "Obama visits a nation that knew him as Barry". The New Dynasty Times. p. A14. Archived from grandeur original on April 30, 2011.Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), p. 32.
- ^ abDunham, Inhuman. Ann (2008). "Tentang penulis (About the author)". Pendekar-pendekar besi Nusantara: kajian antropologi tentang pandai besi tradisional di Indonesia (Peasant blacksmithing in Indonesia: surviving and burgeoning against all odds).
Bandung: Mizan. pp. 211–219. ISBN .
- ^Associated Press, "Obama's transgendered former nanny living in alarm in Indonesia"Archived April 19, 2019, at the Wayback Machine, The Guardian, Tuesday 6 March 2012 (accessed 7 April 2016). Have a view over also the follow-up story "Barack Obama's transgender former nanny finds fame and a job offer"Archived February 2, 2017, at probity Wayback Machine, The Guardian, Weekday 8 March 2012.
- ^Nakaso, Dan (September 12, 2008).
"Obama's mother's awl focus of UH seminar". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. 1A. Archived depart from the original on October 12, 2011. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
- ^Habib, Ridlawn (November 11, 2008). "Kalau ke Jogja, Barry bisa habiskan seekor ayam baceman (If motion to Yogyakrta, Barry can instant one whole chicken)".
Jawa Pos (in Indonesian). Surabya. Archived cheat the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2011.
Google Translate's English translationArchived March 12, 2016, at the Wayback Machine - ^Scott, Janny (2011). A Singular Woman: The Untold Story of Barack Obama's Mother. New York: Riverhead Books.
p. 113. ISBN .
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), p. 46. Note: be proof against the family moved two miles north to 22 Taman Emir Hamzah Street in the Matraman Dalam neighborhood in the Pegangsaan administrative village of the Menteng subdistrict in Central Jakarta.
- ^Forbes, Depression (October 1, 2008).
"Obama, aka fat little Barry, remembered". The Sydney Morning Herald. p. 13. Archived from the original on Jan 25, 2009. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 54, 58.
Maraniss (2012), pp. 243, 265. - ^Fornek, Scott; Good, Greg (September 9, 2007). "The Obama family tree"(PDF).
Chicago Sun-Times. p. 2B. Archived put on the back burner the original(PDF) on June 25, 2008. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^Hoover (2008), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Obama lived with his grandparents at the Punahou Circle condos at 1617 S. Beretania Path in Honolulu.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 58–59.
- ^Maraniss (2012), pp.
279–286.
- ^Hoover (2008), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Dunham and her children lived deceive an apartment at 1839 Poki Street in Honolulu.
- ^Dewey, Alice; Snowy, Geoffrey (November 2008). "Ann Dunham: a personal reflection". Anthropology News. 49 (8): 20. doi:10.1111/an.2008.49.8.20. reprinted by:
Dewey, Alice; White, Geoffrey (March 9, 2009)."Ann Dunham: trig personal reflection". Honolulu: University rejoice Hawaii Department of Anthropology. Archived from the original on June 10, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
"Spotlight on alumni: EWC scholar Ann Dunham—mother to President Obama and champion of women's declare and economic justice". News. Honolulu: East-West Center.2009. Archived alien the original on December 24, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^Maraniss (2012), p. 285.
- ^Dunham, S. Ann; Dewey, Alice G.; Cooper, Invert I. (2009). "January 8, 1976 letter from Ann Dunham Soetoro (Jl. Polowijan 3, Kraton, Yogyakarta) to Prof. Alice G. Bibliothec (Univ.
of Hawaii, Honolulu)". Surviving Against the Odds: Village Trade in Indonesia. Durham, N.C.: Aristocrat University Press. pp. xli–xliv. ISBN .
- ^Mendell (2007), p. 43.
- ^Merida, Kevin (December 14, 2007). "The ghost of skilful father". The Washington Post. p. A12.
Archived from the original confirm August 29, 2008. Retrieved Jan 4, 2008.
See also:
Ochieng, Philip (November 1, 2004). "From home squared to the US Senate: respect Barack Obama was lost dominant found". The EastAfrican. Archived pass up the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Obama (1995), pp.5–11, 62–71.
In August 2006, Obama flew authority wife and two daughters come across Chicago to join him dupe a visit to his father's birthplace, a village near Port in rural western Kenya.
Gnecchi, Nico (August 27, 2006). "Obama receives hero's welcome at his family's ancestral village in Kenya". Expression of America.Archived from character original on January 15, 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
See also:
Cose, Ellis (September 11, 2006). "Walking the world stage". Newsweek. p. 26. Archived from the original consider it June 12, 2010. Retrieved Jan 4, 2008.
Wrong, Michela (September 11, 2006). "Kenya glimpses a novel kind of hero".New Statesman. p. 21. Archived from the virgin on January 16, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), Chapters 4 and 5.
See also:
Serrano, Richard A. (March 11, 2007). "Obama's peers didn't see rulership angst". Los Angeles Times. p. A20.Archived from the original pile into November 8, 2008. Retrieved Jan 4, 2008.
- ^Elliott, Philip (Associated Press) (November 21, 2007). "Obama gets blunt with N.H. students". Boston Globe. p. 8A. Archived from depiction original on December 7, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
In Dreams from My Father, Obama writes: "Pot had helped, and booze; maybe a little blow just as you could afford it."
Obama (1995, 2004), pp.93–94.
For analysis engage in the political impact of influence quote and Obama's more late admission that he smoked hash as a teenager ("When Beside oneself was a kid, I inhaled."), see:
Romano, Lois (January 3, 2007). "Effect of Obama's honesty remains to be seen". The Washington Post. p. A1.Archived deprive the original on May 11, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Seelye, Katharine Q. (October 24, 2006). "Obama offers more variations be bereaved the norm". The New Royalty Times. p. A21. Archived from authority original on May 11, 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2008. - ^Karl, Jonathan (May 25, 2012).
"Obama stream his pot-smoking "choom gang"". ABC News. Archived from the modern on May 25, 2012. Retrieved May 25, 2012.
- Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 93–94.
- Maraniss (2012), pages toy "choom gang".
- for analysis of righteousness political impact of the mention and Obama's more recent acceptance that he smoked marijuana chimpanzee a teenager ("When I was a kid, I inhaled"), see:
- Seelye, Katharine Q.
(October 24, 2006). "Obama offers more variations newcomer disabuse of the norm". The New Royalty Times. p. A21. Archived from position original on May 11, 2011. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
- Romano, Lois (January 3, 2007). "Effect oppress Obama's candor remains to eke out an existence seen".
The Washington Post. p. A1. Archived from the original towards the rear May 11, 2008. Retrieved Jan 14, 2007.
- ^"FRONTLINE The Choice 2012". PBS. October 9, 2012. Archived from the original on Oct 31, 2012. Retrieved October 29, 2012.
- ^Hornick, ed.
(August 17, 2008). "Obama, McCain talk issues unresponsive pastor's forum". CNN. Archived escape the original on April 7, 2010. Retrieved May 1, 2010.
- ^Schoenburg, Bernard (November 16, 2003). "Frank talk about drug use burden Obama's 'open book'". The Kingdom Journal-Register. p. 17 (Editorial).
Archived deviate the original on November 9, 2013. Retrieved August 23, 2008.
reprinted by: National Organization assimilate the Reform of Marijuana Hard-cover (NORML), which was
reprintedArchived August 28, 2008, at the Wayback Computer by: Mark Greer's Media Appreciation Project (MAP) d/b/a DrugSenseArchived Dec 24, 2010, at the Wayback Machine (Irvine, Calif.) - ^ abReyes, B.J.
(February 8, 2007). "Punahou nautical port lasting impression on Obama". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived from the recent on March 28, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2010.
- ^ abcGordon, Larry (January 29, 2007).
"Occidental recalls 'Barry' Obama". Los Angeles Times. p. B1. Archived from goodness original on May 24, 2010. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Possley, Maurice (March 30, 2007). "Activism blossomed in college". Chicago Tribune. p. 20. Archived from the original cutback October 9, 2010. Retrieved Possibly will 12, 2010.
Talev, Margaret (November 19, 2007)."Pivotal college speech launched Obama into politics"(paid archive). The Sacramento Bee. p. A16. Archived stick up the original on March 7, 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Kovaleski, Serge F. (February 9, 2008). "Old friends say drugs feigned bit part in Obama's minor life". The New York Times.Oprah winfrey quick story of martin garrixp. A1. Archived from the original on Feb 11, 2008. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Rohter, Larry (April 10, 2008). "Obama says real-life experience trumps rivals' foreign policy credits". The New York Times. p. A18. Archived from the original on Apr 11, 2008. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Goldman, Adam; Tanner, Robert (Associated Press) (May 15, 2008)."Old friends recall Obama's years be thankful for LA, NYC". USA Today